Muri iyi minsi ibura ry’imiti y’indwara ya kanseri rikomeje guteza ikibazo mu bihugu bitandukanye by’Isi, ku buryo uretse n’abayikeneye bari gukomeza kuremba, abashakashatsi bagaragaza ko ibi bishobora kuzagira n’ingaruka mbi ku bushakashatsi kuri iyi ndwara.
Nko muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, iki gihugu kiri guhura n’ibibazo by’ibura by’imiti kurusha ikindi gihe cyose cyabayeho ku buryo abari bafite gahunda yo kujya gusuzumwa iyi ndwara (chemotherapy) zitinda cyangwa zigakurwaho kubera icyo kibazo.
Chemotherapy ni uburyo umurwayi ajya kwa muganga agahabwa imiti imufasha kwica utunyangingo tw’iyo ndwara, ikarinda ko iyo kanseri ikwirakwira mu mubiri, iyo miti ikanyuzwa mu mitsi.
Ikigo cya Amerika gikora ubushakashatsi kuri iyo ndwara (National Cancer Institute: NCI) cyabwiye CNN ko byibuze ubushakashatsi bugera ku 174 muri 608 bari gukora buzagirwaho ingaruka n’iri bura ry’imiti, imibare itarimo iy’ubushakashatsi bugomba gukorwa ku miti ubwayo aba bashakashati badashobora gukora.
Ni ikibazo ngo cyahozeho no mu myaka yashize ariko ubu ibintu byahinduye isura ku buryo imiti y’ubwoko bugera kuri 25 ubu yabuze, ikiri gushengura abashakashatsi ngo ni uko harimo uwa carboplatin na cisplatin, imiti igira uruhare mu kwita ku bwoko bwa kanseri zitandukanye.
Nk’umuti wa Cisplatin, NCI igaragaza ko yihariye 20% by’imiti yandikirwa abarwayi ba kanseri, bisobanuye ko ibura ryayo riri guteza ibibazo ku barwayi batandukanye.
Dr. Mark Fleury ukora mu muryango w’Abanyamerika wita kuri kanseri, avuga ko kubera icyo kibazo “twumvise ibigo bitandukanye bihagarika gukora ubushakashatsi bijyanye n’uko imiti yabuze.”
Ati “Birigaragaza, niba utari gukora ubushakashatsi ku miti yazifashishwa mu kwita kuri iyi ndwara mu minsi izaza, bisobanuye ko bizateza ibibazo kuko dushobora kutazashobora guhangana na byo muri ibyo bihe.”
Mugenzi we Dmitry Walker ukuriye ikigo gicuruza imiti ya kanseri kikanakora ubushakashatsi kuri iyo ndwara ifata urwungano rw’inkari cya WVU Medecine, agaragaza ko iki kigo cye cyari cyiyemeje gukora ubushakashatsi kuri kanseri ifata uruhago rw’inkari bakoresheje umuti wa ‘Bacillus Calmette-Guérin, BCG’, ariko ibura ryawo rikaba ryaratumye buhagarara.
Nubwo uwo muti utari ku rutonde rw’imiti yabuze, ihuriro ry’abahanga mu by’imiti muri Amerika rigaragaza ko wabuze bijyanye n’amabwiriza akarishye iki ikigo cya Merck kiwukora cyashyiriweho kandi abawukenera biyongera umunsi ku wundi.
Walker ati “Ntabwo twapfa gukomeza ubushakashatsi muri ubwo buryo kuko tuba tutizeye neza niba tuzabona ibizabukenerwamo byose. Ubu ntitubona imiti yose twasabye ku bayikora ku buryo n’abarwayi batugana tutabahaza.”
Kugeza ubu NCI igaragaza ko ubushakashatsi butandukanye bwari bwaratangiye bumaze guhagarikwa kugeza igihe imiti n’ibindi bibukenewemo bizabonekera.
Ubusanzwe iyo hakorwa ubushakashatsi ku miti runaka, haba hakenewe imiti itaremezwa n’ikigo kigenzura iyo miti mu gihugu runaka (novel drugs) ndetse n’imiti yemejwe kugira ngo hakorwe igereranya harebwa ubushobozi bw’uwo uri gukorwaho ubushakashatsi.
Iyo miti itaremezwa kuri ubu NCI igaragaza ko atari yo kibazo ku bashakashatsi kuko ibigo bikora imiti byayitanga byoroshye, ahubwo ikibazo kiri kuri iriya miti yemejwe ishobora kugereranwa n’iyo iba itaremezwa ngo harebwe ubushobozi bwayo.
Raporo yakozwe muri Kamena 2023 na National Comprehensive Cancer Network, yagaragaje ko ibigo byita ndetse bikanakora ubushakashatsi kuri kanseri, ibigera kuri 93% bidashobora kubona umuti wa carboplatin uhagije ndetse na 70% by’ibyo bigo byabuze uwa ‘cisplatin’.
Mu ntangiriro za Kamena 2023, Amerika yakoranye n’u Bushinwa kugira ngo horoshywe ibikorwa byo kuyitumiza ariko na n’ubu uracyari ku rutonde rw’imiti yabuze rw’Ikigo gishinzwe kugenzura imiti n’ibiribwa muri Amerika, FDA.
Iki kigo kigaragaza ko kiri gukora uko gishoboye ngo ibura ry’iyi miti rigabanuke mu kurengera amagara y’abantu no gutuma ubushakashatsi bukomeza, ibizafasha no mu buzima bw’ejo hazaza.
Kanseri ni indwara yiyongera umunsi ku wundi ku Isi ku buryo nko mu 2020 hatahuwe abagera kuri miliyoni 18 basanzwemo iyi ndwara bwa mbere, mu gihe muri Amerika honyine abagera kuri miliyoni ebyiri bayisanzwemo bwa mbere.
UBWANDITSI: umuringanews.com
