Mu gihe u Rwanda rukomeje urugendo rwo kubaka igihugu gifite imibereho myiza, hari igice cy’abaturage by’umwihariko urubyiruko cyugarijwe n’ingaruka zikomeye zituruka ku ikoreshwa ry’ibiyobyabwenge. Ababikoresha babifata nk’inzira yo guhunga ibibazo by’ubuzima, agahinda, ubushomeri cyangwa ibikomere byo mu mutima, nyamara ibyishimo n’ituze biba iby’akanya gato bikurikirwa n’umwijima w’igihe kirekire.
Abahanga mu by’ubuzima batangaza ko ibiyobyabwenge, byaba urumogi, inzoga zivanze n’imiti, mugo n’ibindi bidasubiza ikibazo ahubwo birushaho kukiremereza. Ibyishimo by’ako kanya bihinduka ububabare bw’igihe kirekire.
Uwo twahaye izina rya Mucyo w’imyaka 29, utuye mu karere ka Gasabo, avuga ko yatangiye kunywa urumogi afite imyaka 17.
Ati: “Byatangiye ari ukwishimisha n’inshuti, bambwira ngo ni bwo buzima. Nyuma byabaye nk’ibiryo: icyumweru ntarunyoye cyashiraga meze nabi, mfite umushiha n’uburakari budasobanutse. Nabaye imbata y’ibyo nizeraga ko byanduhura. ”
Mucyo akomeza atangaza ko yaje kubihagarika amaze gutakaza inshuti, umuryango n’akazi.
Ati: “Umutwe wanjye warazahaye. Sinari ngishoboye gucunga amafaranga, umutima wanjye wari usigaye unaniwe cyane. Byaransenye cyane rwose.”
Uwo twahaye izina rya Claudine w’imyaka 24, avuga ko yanyoye ibisindisha bikomeye ndetse n’urumogi kugira ngo yibagirwe ibikomere byo gufatwa ku ngufu.
Ati: “Muri ako kanya numvaga meze nk’uri mu ijuru. Ariko hashize igihe, umutwe utangira gukurura ibintu bibi, iyo nabyibukaga ibiyobyabwenge binshizemo numvaga meze nabi, nkumva umutwe wanjye uremereye cyane, ntasinzira. Ibyari igisubizo bihinduka umutwaro.”
Aimable w’imyaka 33, yaguye mu mutego wa mugo (heroïne) afite imyaka 21.
Ati: “Nari maze gutakaza akazi. Inshuti yanjye yambwiye ko mugo ituma umuntu yibagirwa ibibazo. Narayinyoye rimwe, ndatuza. Nyuma mpinduka imbata burundu. Umubiri wanjye iyo nabaga nayibuze nararwaraga, ngatitira, isereri ari yose. Ubu narayiretse, ariko ingaruka zayo ntizirashira.”
Akomeza agira ati: “Nageze aho ntakibasha kwicara imbere y’abantu. Natangiye kwiba no mu muryango. Nabaye igikoresho cya mugo, itegeka uko mbaho, uko ndyamye, uko mbyuka.”
Uwo twahaye izina rya Sandrine, w’imyaka 26, wahoze mu itsinda ry’abacuruza ibiyobyabwenge i Nyamirambo, nawe yabaye imbata ya mugo.
Ati: “Nkora uburaya, ariko sinashoboraga gukora ntanyoye mugo. Iyo ntabashaga kuyibona, sinashoboraga no guhaguruka. Namaze imyaka 4 mu mwijima, numva ko ntakiri umuntu. Ubu ndagerageza kwikura muri iyo myobo, ariko ntibyoroshye.”
Nk’uko byagaragajwe na RBC mu bushakashatsi bwiswe Rwanda Youth Risk Behavior Survey (2021), 5.8% by’urubyiruko ruri hagati y’imyaka 15 na 24 rwigeze gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge, harimo urumogi n’ibisindisha bikomeye. Muri bo 70% babikoreshaga kenshi mu gihe cy’amezi 6 yabanje, abenshi barabitangiye bataruzuza imyaka 18. Iyi myitwarire, nk’uko bigaragara no muri Mental Health Strategic Plan ya RBC (2020–2024), yagaragaye ko ari kimwe mu bitera ihungabana n’indwara zo mu mutwe mu bantu bari hagati y’imyaka 18 na 35.
Dr. Kayitesi, inzobere mu buzima bwo mu mutwe, avuga ko ibiyobyabwenge bigira ingaruka zihuse ku mitekerereze n’umubiri harimo guhindura imitekerereze mu kanya gato, kugabanuka k’ubushobozi bwo gufata ibyemezo, ubwonko bukajya busaba dose nshya y’ibiyobyabwenge uko bwije n’uko bukeye, kugaragaza uburakari, ubwoba, kwikanga cyane no kudashobora kwihangana.
Ati: “Abenshi babikoresha bazi ko bibaturisha. Nyamara bihinduka urumamfu, ubwonko bukabigira nk’ibyo bukenera kugira ngo bubone ituze. Iyo bitabonetse, umuntu yinjira mu mibabaro ikomeye kurushaho.”
Dr Kayitesi akomeza atangaza ko ibiyobyabwenge bigira ingaruka ziremereye zitagarukira ku mubiri gusa, ahubwo bigasenya n’ubuzima rusange harimo indwara zo mu mutwe nko kugira agahinda gakabije, ibitekerezo byo kwiyahura ndetse n’ihungabana rikabije
Yemeza ko ibiyobyabwenge bishobora gutera ibibazo byo mu bihaha, indwara z’umwijima (cyane ku banywa inzoga n’urumogi), kwandura SIDA na Hepatite B/C kubera gusangira inshinge ku babyitera.
Uretse uburwayi bunyuranye, ikoreshwa ry’ibiyobyabwenge bitera ubukene n’ubushomeri abantu kuko bikura abantu mu kazi, abandi bakirukanwa bigatera ubwigunge ndetse hakabaho n’isenyuka ry’imiryango bamwe bata abana, bakabatesha agaciro bikagira ingaruka ku rubyaro ndetse hakabaho no kunaniranwa n’abo bashakanye.
Dr Eric, ukorera mu bitaro bya CARAES, avuga ko abantu bakoresha ibiyobyabwenge, cyane cyane mugo, baba barahuye n’ihungabana ry’ubuzima batigeze bavurwa.
Ati: “Iyo umuntu amaze kuba imbata, si uko ari umuntu mubi. Ni uko ubwonko bwe bwamaze kumenyera imiti. Bakeneye imiti ibavura, ubujyanama buhoraho ndetse n’urukundo rwo kubasubiza mu buzima.”
Ashimangira ko ibiyobyabwenge atari imico mibi ahubwo ari indwara ifite ibisubizo bisaba uruhare rwa buri wese.
Imibare igaragaza ko abagera ku 6.460 bafatirwa ibihano kubera ibyaha bifitanye isano n’ibiyobyabwenge, imanza zigera ku 4000 zagejejwe mu rukiko, mu gihe buri mwaka abantu bagera ku 5.000 bivuza ibibazo bikomoka ku ngaruka z’ibiyobyabwenge.
INKURU YA KAYITESI Ange
